A dispute over the Western addition of "and the Son" to the Nicene Creed.
The 20th century saw both intense persecution (especially under Soviet Communism) and the expansion of Orthodoxy to the Americas and Western Europe. Core Beliefs and Practices The Orthodox Church: An Introduction to its His...
In the 9th and 10th centuries, Cyril and Methodius brought Orthodoxy to the Slavic peoples, leading to the eventual conversion of Russia in 988 AD. A dispute over the Western addition of "and
The East viewed the Pope as "first among equals" but rejected his absolute jurisdictional authority. preserving their faith through local traditions.
After the fall of Constantinople in 1453, many Orthodox Christians lived as subjects under the Ottoman Empire, preserving their faith through local traditions.