Systems Thinking, Third Edition: Managing Chaos... -

Gharajedaghi identifies five key systems principles that define the behavior of sociocultural systems:

: Systems interact with their environment and exchange information and energy. Systems Thinking, Third Edition: Managing Chaos...

: Unlike mechanical systems, social systems are capable of choosing their own goals and behaviors. and values) within a single system.

: The tendency for solutions in complex systems to produce unexpected or opposite results over time. Systems Thinking, Third Edition: Managing Chaos...

: Characteristics of the whole that are not present in any individual part.

: The ability to see multiple facets (wealth, power, knowledge, beauty, and values) within a single system.