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Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a leading cause of chronic musculoskeletal pain, affecting up to 85% of people at some point in their lives. At the heart of this condition are —hyperirritable nodules located within a "taut band" of skeletal muscle. 1. The Science: Why Do They Form?
An excessive leak of ACh causes localized muscle fibers to stay in a state of permanent contraction.
The resulting "energy crisis" triggers the release of inflammatory substances like bradykinin, serotonin, and substance P. These chemicals sensitize local pain receptors, creating the characteristic "exquisite tenderness" and referred pain. 2. Identifying the "Knot"
Clinical diagnosis relies primarily on manual palpation by a skilled therapist or physician. Key features include:
Myofascial Trigger Points Then and Now: A Historical ... - PMC
These sustained contractions compress local capillaries, leading to ischemia (reduced blood flow) and hypoxia (low oxygen).
While research is ongoing, the most widely accepted explanation is the . This theory suggests a "vicious cycle" occurring at the neuromuscular junction:
