Before the 1800s, student evaluation was intimate and subjective. In early American universities, professors didn't hand out report cards. Instead, students faced a single, high-stakes oral exam at the end of their studies. A panel of experts would listen and simply decide if the student was ready to graduate or not.

While various schools experimented with 100-point scales and percentages, the letter system we recognize today was pioneered by in 1897. Their original scale looked a little different than ours: A : 95–100% (Excellent) B : 85–94% (Good) C : 76–84% (Fair) D : 75% (Passed) E : Below 75% (Failed) Who was Horace Mann? - by Robert Talbert

So, how did we get from "pass/fail" oral exams to the letter grades we see today?


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History Of The Grading System (360p 2024)

Before the 1800s, student evaluation was intimate and subjective. In early American universities, professors didn't hand out report cards. Instead, students faced a single, high-stakes oral exam at the end of their studies. A panel of experts would listen and simply decide if the student was ready to graduate or not.

While various schools experimented with 100-point scales and percentages, the letter system we recognize today was pioneered by in 1897. Their original scale looked a little different than ours: A : 95–100% (Excellent) B : 85–94% (Good) C : 76–84% (Fair) D : 75% (Passed) E : Below 75% (Failed) Who was Horace Mann? - by Robert Talbert History of the Grading system

So, how did we get from "pass/fail" oral exams to the letter grades we see today? Before the 1800s, student evaluation was intimate and