If you encounter this or receive an alert that your information is on such a list, it means your credentials have been exposed in a data breach.

: Use services like Have I Been Pwned to check if your email appears in known breaches.

: Indicates the list contains roughly one million pairs of usernames (or emails) and passwords.

: Use a unique, randomly generated password for every account through a password manager to ensure that a breach on one site doesn't compromise others.

: Enabling MFA is the most effective defense, as it prevents access even if an attacker has your correct password.

: A text file typically formatted as email:password or username:password .

: A marketing term used by sellers to claim the data is "fresh," has a high success rate, and is not just recycled information from old public breaches.